/*
Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
Copyright (C) 2008-2015 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
Copyright (C) 2015-2018 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Gary Linscott, Tord Romstad
Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef TYPES_H_INCLUDED
#define TYPES_H_INCLUDED
/// When compiling with provided Makefile (e.g. for Linux and OSX), configuration
/// is done automatically. To get started type 'make help'.
///
/// When Makefile is not used (e.g. with Microsoft Visual Studio) some switches
/// need to be set manually:
///
/// -DNDEBUG | Disable debugging mode. Always use this for release.
///
/// -DNO_PREFETCH | Disable use of prefetch asm-instruction. You may need this to
/// | run on some very old machines.
///
/// -DUSE_POPCNT | Add runtime support for use of popcnt asm-instruction. Works
/// | only in 64-bit mode and requires hardware with popcnt support.
///
/// -DUSE_PEXT | Add runtime support for use of pext asm-instruction. Works
/// | only in 64-bit mode and requires hardware with pext support.
#include <cassert>
#include <cctype>
#include <climits>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdlib>
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
// Disable some silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
#pragma warning(disable: 4127) // Conditional expression is constant
#pragma warning(disable: 4146) // Unary minus operator applied to unsigned type
#pragma warning(disable: 4800) // Forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false'
#endif
/// Predefined macros hell:
///
/// __GNUC__ Compiler is gcc, Clang or Intel on Linux
/// __INTEL_COMPILER Compiler is Intel
/// _MSC_VER Compiler is MSVC or Intel on Windows
/// _WIN32 Building on Windows (any)
/// _WIN64 Building on Windows 64 bit
#if defined(_WIN64) && defined(_MSC_VER) // No Makefile used
# include <intrin.h> // Microsoft header for _BitScanForward64()
# define IS_64BIT
#endif
#if defined(USE_POPCNT) && (defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(_MSC_VER))
# include <nmmintrin.h> // Intel and Microsoft header for _mm_popcnt_u64()
#endif
#if !defined(NO_PREFETCH) && (defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(_MSC_VER))
# include <xmmintrin.h> // Intel and Microsoft header for _mm_prefetch()
#endif
#if defined(USE_PEXT)
# include <immintrin.h> // Header for _pext_u64() intrinsic
# define pext(b, m) _pext_u64(b, m)
#else
# define pext(b, m) 0
#endif
#ifdef USE_POPCNT
const bool HasPopCnt = true;
#else
const bool HasPopCnt = false;
#endif
#ifdef USE_PEXT
const bool HasPext = true;
#else
const bool HasPext = false;
#endif
#ifdef IS_64BIT
const bool Is64Bit = true;
#else
const bool Is64Bit = false;
#endif
typedef uint64_t Key;
typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
const int MAX_MOVES = 256;
const int MAX_PLY = 128;
/// A move needs 16 bits to be stored
///
/// bit 0- 5: destination square (from 0 to 63)
/// bit 6-11: origin square (from 0 to 63)
/// bit 12-13: promotion piece type - 2 (from KNIGHT-2 to QUEEN-2)
/// bit 14-15: special move flag: promotion (1), en passant (2), castling (3)
/// NOTE: EN-PASSANT bit is set only when a pawn can be captured
///
/// Special cases are MOVE_NONE and MOVE_NULL. We can sneak these in because in
/// any normal move destination square is always different from origin square
/// while MOVE_NONE and MOVE_NULL have the same origin and destination square.
enum Move : int {
MOVE_NONE,
MOVE_NULL = 65
};
enum MoveType {
NORMAL,
PROMOTION = 1 << 14,
ENPASSANT = 2 << 14,
CASTLING = 3 << 14
};
enum Color {
WHITE, BLACK, COLOR_NB = 2
};
enum CastlingSide {
KING_SIDE, QUEEN_SIDE, CASTLING_SIDE_NB = 2
};
enum CastlingRight {
NO_CASTLING,
WHITE_OO,
WHITE_OOO = WHITE_OO << 1,
BLACK_OO = WHITE_OO << 2,
BLACK_OOO = WHITE_OO << 3,
ANY_CASTLING = WHITE_OO | WHITE_OOO | BLACK_OO | BLACK_OOO,
CASTLING_RIGHT_NB = 16
};
template<Color C, CastlingSide S> struct MakeCastling {
static constexpr CastlingRight
right = C == WHITE ? S == QUEEN_SIDE ? WHITE_OOO : WHITE_OO
: S == QUEEN_SIDE ? BLACK_OOO : BLACK_OO;
};
enum Phase {
PHASE_ENDGAME,
PHASE_MIDGAME = 128,
MG = 0, EG = 1, PHASE_NB = 2
};
enum ScaleFactor {
SCALE_FACTOR_DRAW = 0,
SCALE_FACTOR_ONEPAWN = 48,
SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL = 64,
SCALE_FACTOR_MAX = 128,
SCALE_FACTOR_NONE = 255
};
enum Bound {
BOUND_NONE,
BOUND_UPPER,
BOUND_LOWER,
BOUND_EXACT = BOUND_UPPER | BOUND_LOWER
};
enum Value : int {
VALUE_ZERO = 0,
VALUE_DRAW = 0,
VALUE_KNOWN_WIN = 10000,
VALUE_MATE = 32000,
VALUE_INFINITE = 32001,
VALUE_NONE = 32002,
VALUE_MATE_IN_MAX_PLY = VALUE_MATE - 2 * MAX_PLY,
VALUE_MATED_IN_MAX_PLY = -VALUE_MATE + 2 * MAX_PLY,
PawnValueMg = 171, PawnValueEg = 240,
KnightValueMg = 764, KnightValueEg = 848,
BishopValueMg = 826, BishopValueEg = 891,
RookValueMg = 1282, RookValueEg = 1373,
QueenValueMg = 2526, QueenValueEg = 2646,
MidgameLimit = 15258, EndgameLimit = 3915
};
enum PieceType {
NO_PIECE_TYPE, PAWN, KNIGHT, BISHOP, ROOK, QUEEN, KING,
ALL_PIECES = 0,
QUEEN_DIAGONAL = 7,
PIECE_TYPE_NB = 8
};
enum Piece {
NO_PIECE,
W_PAWN = 1, W_KNIGHT, W_BISHOP, W_ROOK, W_QUEEN, W_KING,
B_PAWN = 9, B_KNIGHT, B_BISHOP, B_ROOK, B_QUEEN, B_KING,
PIECE_NB = 16
};
extern Value PieceValue[PHASE_NB][PIECE_NB];
enum Depth : int {
ONE_PLY = 1,
DEPTH_ZERO = 0 * ONE_PLY,
DEPTH_QS_CHECKS = 0 * ONE_PLY,
DEPTH_QS_NO_CHECKS = -1 * ONE_PLY,
DEPTH_QS_RECAPTURES = -5 * ONE_PLY,
DEPTH_NONE = -6 * ONE_PLY,
DEPTH_MAX = MAX_PLY * ONE_PLY
};
static_assert(!(ONE_PLY & (ONE_PLY - 1)), "ONE_PLY is not a power of 2");
enum Square : int {
SQ_A1, SQ_B1, SQ_C1, SQ_D1, SQ_E1, SQ_F1, SQ_G1, SQ_H1,
SQ_A2, SQ_B2, SQ_C2, SQ_D2, SQ_E2, SQ_F2, SQ_G2, SQ_H2,
SQ_A3, SQ_B3, SQ_C3, SQ_D3, SQ_E3, SQ_F3, SQ_G3, SQ_H3,
SQ_A4, SQ_B4, SQ_C4, SQ_D4, SQ_E4, SQ_F4, SQ_G4, SQ_H4,
SQ_A5, SQ_B5, SQ_C5, SQ_D5, SQ_E5, SQ_F5, SQ_G5, SQ_H5,
SQ_A6, SQ_B6, SQ_C6, SQ_D6, SQ_E6, SQ_F6, SQ_G6, SQ_H6,
SQ_A7, SQ_B7, SQ_C7, SQ_D7, SQ_E7, SQ_F7, SQ_G7, SQ_H7,
SQ_A8, SQ_B8, SQ_C8, SQ_D8, SQ_E8, SQ_F8, SQ_G8, SQ_H8,
SQ_NONE,
SQUARE_NB = 64
};
enum Direction : int {
NORTH = 8,
EAST = 1,
SOUTH = -NORTH,
WEST = -EAST,
NORTH_EAST = NORTH + EAST,
SOUTH_EAST = SOUTH + EAST,
SOUTH_WEST = SOUTH + WEST,
NORTH_WEST = NORTH + WEST
};
enum File : int {
FILE_A, FILE_B, FILE_C, FILE_D, FILE_E, FILE_F, FILE_G, FILE_H, FILE_NB
};
enum Rank : int {
RANK_1, RANK_2, RANK_3, RANK_4, RANK_5, RANK_6, RANK_7, RANK_8, RANK_NB
};
/// Score enum stores a middlegame and an endgame value in a single integer
/// (enum). The least significant 16 bits are used to store the endgame value
/// and the upper 16 bits are used to store the middlegame value. Take some
/// care to avoid left-shifting a signed int to avoid undefined behavior.
enum Score : int { SCORE_ZERO };
constexpr Score make_score(int mg, int eg) {
return Score((int)((unsigned int)eg << 16) + mg);
}
/// Extracting the signed lower and upper 16 bits is not so trivial because
/// according to the standard a simple cast to short is implementation defined
/// and so is a right shift of a signed integer.
inline Value eg_value(Score s) {
union { uint16_t u; int16_t s; } eg = { uint16_t(unsigned(s + 0x8000) >> 16) };
return Value(eg.s);
}
inline Value mg_value(Score s) {
union { uint16_t u; int16_t s; } mg = { uint16_t(unsigned(s)) };
return Value(mg.s);
}
#define ENABLE_BASE_OPERATORS_ON(T) \
constexpr T operator+(T d1, T d2) { return T(int(d1) + int(d2)); } \
constexpr T operator-(T d1, T d2) { return T(int(d1) - int(d2)); } \
constexpr T operator-(T d) { return T(-int(d)); } \
inline T& operator+=(T& d1, T d2) { return d1 = d1 + d2; } \
inline T& operator-=(T& d1, T d2) { return d1 = d1 - d2; }
#define ENABLE_INCR_OPERATORS_ON(T) \
inline T& operator++(T& d) { return d = T(int(d) + 1); } \
inline T& operator--(T& d) { return d = T(int(d) - 1); }
#define ENABLE_FULL_OPERATORS_ON(T) \
ENABLE_BASE_OPERATORS_ON(T) \
ENABLE_INCR_OPERATORS_ON(T) \
constexpr T operator*(int i, T d) { return T(i * int(d)); } \
constexpr T operator*(T d, int i) { return T(int(d) * i); } \
constexpr T operator/(T d, int i) { return T(int(d) / i); } \
constexpr int operator/(T d1, T d2) { return int(d1) / int(d2); } \
inline T& operator*=(T& d, int i) { return d = T(int(d) * i); } \
inline T& operator/=(T& d, int i) { return d = T(int(d) / i); }
ENABLE_FULL_OPERATORS_ON(Value)
ENABLE_FULL_OPERATORS_ON(Depth)
ENABLE_FULL_OPERATORS_ON(Direction)
ENABLE_INCR_OPERATORS_ON(PieceType)
ENABLE_INCR_OPERATORS_ON(Piece)
ENABLE_INCR_OPERATORS_ON(Color)
ENABLE_INCR_OPERATORS_ON(Square)
ENABLE_INCR_OPERATORS_ON(File)
ENABLE_INCR_OPERATORS_ON(Rank)
ENABLE_BASE_OPERATORS_ON(Score)
#undef ENABLE_FULL_OPERATORS_ON
#undef ENABLE_INCR_OPERATORS_ON
#undef ENABLE_BASE_OPERATORS_ON
/// Additional operators to add integers to a Value
constexpr Value operator+(Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) + i); }
constexpr Value operator-(Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) - i); }
inline Value& operator+=(Value& v, int i) { return v = v + i; }
inline Value& operator-=(Value& v, int i) { return v = v - i; }
/// Additional operators to add a Direction to a Square
inline Square operator+(Square s, Direction d) { return Square(int(s) + int(d)); }
inline Square operator-(Square s, Direction d) { return Square(int(s) - int(d)); }
inline Square& operator+=(Square &s, Direction d) { return s = s + d; }
inline Square& operator-=(Square &s, Direction d) { return s = s - d; }
/// Only declared but not defined. We don't want to multiply two scores due to
/// a very high risk of overflow. So user should explicitly convert to integer.
Score operator*(Score, Score) = delete;
/// Division of a Score must be handled separately for each term
inline Score operator/(Score s, int i) {
return make_score(mg_value(s) / i, eg_value(s) / i);
}
/// Multiplication of a Score by an integer. We check for overflow in debug mode.
inline Score operator*(Score s, int i) {
Score result = Score(int(s) * i);
assert(eg_value(result) == (i * eg_value(s)));
assert(mg_value(result) == (i * mg_value(s)));
assert((i == 0) || (result / i) == s );
return result;
}
constexpr Color operator~(Color c) {
return Color(c ^ BLACK); // Toggle color
}
constexpr Square operator~(Square s) {
return Square(s ^ SQ_A8); // Vertical flip SQ_A1 -> SQ_A8
}
constexpr File operator~(File f) {
return File(f ^ FILE_H); // Horizontal flip FILE_A -> FILE_H
}
constexpr Piece operator~(Piece pc) {
return Piece(pc ^ 8); // Swap color of piece B_KNIGHT -> W_KNIGHT
}
constexpr CastlingRight operator|(Color c, CastlingSide s) {
return CastlingRight(WHITE_OO << ((s == QUEEN_SIDE) + 2 * c));
}
constexpr Value mate_in(int ply) {
return VALUE_MATE - ply;
}
constexpr Value mated_in(int ply) {
return -VALUE_MATE + ply;
}
constexpr Square make_square(File f, Rank r) {
return Square((r << 3) + f);
}
constexpr Piece make_piece(Color c, PieceType pt) {
return Piece((c << 3) + pt);
}
constexpr PieceType type_of(Piece pc) {
return PieceType(pc & 7);
}
inline Color color_of(Piece pc) {
assert(pc != NO_PIECE);
return Color(pc >> 3);
}
constexpr bool is_ok(Square s) {
return s >= SQ_A1 && s <= SQ_H8;
}
constexpr File file_of(Square s) {
return File(s & 7);
}
constexpr Rank rank_of(Square s) {
return Rank(s >> 3);
}
constexpr Square relative_square(Color c, Square s) {
return Square(s ^ (c * 56));
}
constexpr Rank relative_rank(Color c, Rank r) {
return Rank(r ^ (c * 7));
}
constexpr Rank relative_rank(Color c, Square s) {
return relative_rank(c, rank_of(s));
}
inline bool opposite_colors(Square s1, Square s2) {
int s = int(s1) ^ int(s2);
return ((s >> 3) ^ s) & 1;
}
constexpr Direction pawn_push(Color c) {
return c == WHITE ? NORTH : SOUTH;
}
constexpr Square from_sq(Move m) {
return Square((m >> 6) & 0x3F);
}
constexpr Square to_sq(Move m) {
return Square(m & 0x3F);
}
constexpr int from_to(Move m) {
return m & 0xFFF;
}
constexpr MoveType type_of(Move m) {
return MoveType(m & (3 << 14));
}
constexpr PieceType promotion_type(Move m) {
return PieceType(((m >> 12) & 3) + KNIGHT);
}
inline Move make_move(Square from, Square to) {
return Move((from << 6) + to);
}
template<MoveType T>
constexpr Move make(Square from, Square to, PieceType pt = KNIGHT) {
return Move(T + ((pt - KNIGHT) << 12) + (from << 6) + to);
}
constexpr bool is_ok(Move m) {
return from_sq(m) != to_sq(m); // Catch MOVE_NULL and MOVE_NONE
}
#endif // #ifndef TYPES_H_INCLUDED