Subversion Repositories Games.Chess Giants

#include <stddef.h>

#include <math.h>

#include "chess.h"

#include "data.h"

#if defined(UNIX)

#  include <unistd.h>

#  include <sys/types.h>

#else

#  include <fcntl.h> /* needed for definition of "_O_BINARY" */

#endif

/*

 *******************************************************************************

 *                                                                             *

 *   Initialize() performs routine initialization before anything else is      *

 *   attempted.  It uses a group of service routines to initialize various     *

 *   data structures that are needed before the engine can do anything at all. *

 *                                                                             *

 *******************************************************************************

 */

void Initialize() {

  TREE *tree;

  int j, v, major, id;

#if defined(UNIX)

  int i, node;

#endif

  tree = block[0];

  for (j = 1; j <= MAX_BLOCKS; j++)

    block[j] = NULL;

  InitializeMasks();

  InitializeMagic();

  InitializeSMP();

  InitializeAttackBoards();

  InitializePawnMasks();

  InitializeChessBoard(tree);

  InitializeKillers();

#if !defined(UNIX)

  _fmode = _O_BINARY; /* set file mode binary to avoid text translation */

#endif

#if defined(EPD)

  EGInit();

#endif

  tree->last[0] = tree->move_list;

  tree->last[1] = tree->move_list;

  sprintf(log_filename, "%s/book.bin", book_path);

  book_file = fopen(log_filename, "rb+");

  if (!book_file) {

    book_file = fopen(log_filename, "rb");

    if (!book_file) {

      Print(2048, "unable to open book file [%s/book.bin].\n", book_path);

      Print(32, "book is disabled\n");

    } else {

      Print(2048, "unable to open book file [%s/book.bin] for \"write\".\n",

          book_path);

      Print(32, "learning is disabled\n");

    }

  }

  sprintf(log_filename, "%s/books.bin", book_path);

  normal_bs_file = fopen(log_filename, "rb");

  books_file = normal_bs_file;

  if (!normal_bs_file)

    Print(32, "unable to open book file [%s/books.bin].\n", book_path);

  sprintf(log_filename, "%s/bookc.bin", book_path);

  computer_bs_file = fopen(log_filename, "rb");

  if (computer_bs_file)

    Print(32, "found computer opening book file [%s/bookc.bin].\n",

        book_path);

  if (book_file) {

    int maj_min;

    fseek(book_file, - (long) sizeof(int), SEEK_END);

    v = fread(&maj_min, 4, 1, book_file);

    if (v <= 0)

      perror("Initialize() fread error: ");

    major = BookIn32((unsigned char *) &maj_min);

    major = major >> 16;

    if (major < 23) {

      Print(4095, "\nERROR!  book.bin not made by version 23.0 or later\n");

      fclose(book_file);

      fclose(books_file);

      book_file = 0;

      books_file = 0;

    }

  }

  id = InitializeGetLogID();

  sprintf(log_filename, "%s/log.%03d", log_path, id);

  sprintf(history_filename, "%s/game.%03d", log_path, id);

  log_file = fopen(log_filename, "w");

  history_file = fopen(history_filename, "w+");

  if (!history_file) {

    printf("ERROR, unable to open game history file, exiting\n");

    CraftyExit(1);

  }

  AlignedMalloc((void *) &hash_table, 64,

      sizeof(HASH_ENTRY) * hash_table_size);

  AlignedMalloc((void *) &hash_path, 64,

      sizeof(HPATH_ENTRY) * hash_path_size);

  AlignedMalloc((void *) &pawn_hash_table, 64,

      sizeof(PAWN_HASH_ENTRY) * pawn_hash_table_size);

  if (!hash_table) {

    Print(2048,

        "AlignedMalloc() failed, not enough memory (primary trans/ref table).\n");

    hash_table_size = 0;

    hash_table = 0;

  }

  if (!pawn_hash_table) {

    Print(2048,

        "AlignedMalloc() failed, not enough memory (pawn hash table).\n");

    pawn_hash_table_size = 0;

    pawn_hash_table = 0;

  }

/*

 ************************************************************

 *                                                          *

 *  Now for some NUMA stuff.  We need to allocate the local *

 *  memory for each processor, but we can't touch it here   *

 *  or it will be faulted in and be allocated on the        *

 *  current CPU, which is not where it should be located    *

 *  for optimal NUMA performance.  ThreadInit() will do the *

 *  actual initialization after each new process is created *

 *  so that the pages of local memory will be faulted in on *

 *  the correct processor and use local node memory for     *

 *  optimal performance.                                    *

 *                                                          *

 *  If we are using CPU affinity, we need to set this up    *

 *  for thread 0 BEFORE we initialize the split blocks so   *

 *  that they will page fault in on the correct NUMA node.  *

 *                                                          *

 ************************************************************

 */

#if (CPUS > 1)

  ThreadAffinity(smp_affinity);

#  if !defined(UNIX)

  ThreadMalloc((int) 0);

#  else

  for (i = 0; i < CPUS; i++) {

    for (j = 0; j < 64; j++) {

      AlignedMalloc((void **) &block[i * 64 + j + 1], 2048,

          (size_t) sizeof(TREE));

    }

  }

  for (i = 1; i < 64; i++) {

    memset((char *) block[i], 0, sizeof(TREE));

    LockInit(block[i]->lock);

  }

  for (node = 1; node < CPUS; node++) {

    ThreadAffinity(node);

    for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

      memset((char *) block[node * 64 + i], 0, sizeof(TREE));

      LockInit(block[node * 64 + i]->lock);

    }

  }

  ThreadAffinity(0);

#  endif

#endif

  thread[0].blocks = 0xffffffffffffffffull;

  initialized_threads++;

  InitializeHashTables(1);

  InitializeKingSafety();

  InitializeLMP();

  InitializeLMR();

}

/*

 *******************************************************************************

 *                                                                             *

 *   InitializeAttackBoards() is used to initialize the basic bitboards that   *

 *   deal with what squares a piece attacks.                                   *

 *                                                                             *

 *******************************************************************************

 */

void InitializeAttackBoards(void) {

  int i, j, d, s, t, frank, ffile, trank, tfile;

  int sq, lastsq;

  static const int knightsq[8] = { -17, -15, -10, -6, 6, 10, 15, 17 };

  static const int bishopsq[4] = { -9, -7, 7, 9 };

  static const int rooksq[4] = { -8, -1, 1, 8 };

  uint64_t sqs;

/*

 initialize pawn attack boards

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    pawn_attacks[white][i] = 0;

    if (i < 56)

      for (j = 2; j < 4; j++) {

        sq = i + bishopsq[j];

        if (Abs(Rank(sq) - Rank(i)) == 1 && Abs(File(sq) - File(i)) == 1 &&

            sq < 64 && sq > -1)

          pawn_attacks[white][i] =

              pawn_attacks[white][i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

      }

    pawn_attacks[black][i] = 0;

    if (i > 7)

      for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

        sq = i + bishopsq[j];

        if (Abs(Rank(sq) - Rank(i)) == 1 && Abs(File(sq) - File(i)) == 1 &&

            sq < 64 && sq > -1)

          pawn_attacks[black][i] =

              pawn_attacks[black][i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

      }

  }

/*

 initialize knight attack board

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    knight_attacks[i] = 0;

    frank = Rank(i);

    ffile = File(i);

    for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {

      sq = i + knightsq[j];

      if (sq < 0 || sq > 63)

        continue;

      trank = Rank(sq);

      tfile = File(sq);

      if (Abs(frank - trank) > 2 || Abs(ffile - tfile) > 2)

        continue;

      knight_attacks[i] = knight_attacks[i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

    }

  }

/*

 initialize bishop/queen attack boards and masks

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {

      sq = i;

      lastsq = sq;

      sq = sq + bishopsq[j];

      while (Abs(Rank(sq) - Rank(lastsq)) == 1 &&

          Abs(File(sq) - File(lastsq)) == 1 && sq < 64 && sq > -1) {

        if (bishopsq[j] == 7)

          plus7dir[i] = plus7dir[i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

        else if (bishopsq[j] == 9)

          plus9dir[i] = plus9dir[i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

        else if (bishopsq[j] == -7)

          minus7dir[i] = minus7dir[i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

        else

          minus9dir[i] = minus9dir[i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

        lastsq = sq;

        sq = sq + bishopsq[j];

      }

    }

  }

  plus1dir[64] = 0;

  plus7dir[64] = 0;

  plus8dir[64] = 0;

  plus9dir[64] = 0;

  minus1dir[64] = 0;

  minus7dir[64] = 0;

  minus8dir[64] = 0;

  minus9dir[64] = 0;

/*

 initialize rook/queen attack boards

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {

      sq = i;

      lastsq = sq;

      sq = sq + rooksq[j];

      while (((Abs(Rank(sq) - Rank(lastsq)) == 1 &&

                  Abs(File(sq) - File(lastsq)) == 0)

              || (Abs(Rank(sq) - Rank(lastsq)) == 0 &&

                  Abs(File(sq) - File(lastsq)) == 1)) && sq < 64 && sq > -1) {

        if (rooksq[j] == 1)

          plus1dir[i] = plus1dir[i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

        else if (rooksq[j] == 8)

          plus8dir[i] = plus8dir[i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

        else if (rooksq[j] == -1)

          minus1dir[i] = minus1dir[i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

        else

          minus8dir[i] = minus8dir[i] | (uint64_t) 1 << sq;

        lastsq = sq;

        sq = sq + rooksq[j];

      }

    }

  }

/*

 initialize bishop attack board

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    bishop_attacks[i] =

        plus9dir[i] | minus9dir[i] | plus7dir[i] | minus7dir[i];

  }

/*

 initialize rook attack board

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    rook_attacks[i] = file_mask[File(i)] | rank_mask[Rank(i)];

  }

/*

 initialize king attack board

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    king_attacks[i] = 0;

    for (j = 0; j < 64; j++) {

      if (Distance(i, j) == 1)

        king_attacks[i] = king_attacks[i] | SetMask(j);

    }

  }

/*

 directions[sq1][sq2] gives the "move direction" to move from

 sq1 to sq2.  intervening[sq1][sq2] gives a bit vector that indicates

 which squares must be unoccupied in order for <sq1> to attack <sq2>,

 assuming a sliding piece is involved.  To use this, you simply have

 to Or(intervening[sq1][sq2],occupied_squares) and if the result is

 "0" then a sliding piece on sq1 would attack sq2 and vice-versa.

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    for (j = 0; j < 64; j++)

      intervening[i][j] = 0;

    sqs = plus1dir[i];

    while (sqs) {

      j = LSB(sqs);

      directions[i][j] = 1;

      intervening[i][j] = plus1dir[i] ^ plus1dir[j - 1];

      sqs &= sqs - 1;

    }

    sqs = plus7dir[i];

    while (sqs) {

      j = LSB(sqs);

      directions[i][j] = 7;

      intervening[i][j] = plus7dir[i] ^ plus7dir[j - 7];

      sqs &= sqs - 1;

    }

    sqs = plus8dir[i];

    while (sqs) {

      j = LSB(sqs);

      directions[i][j] = 8;

      intervening[i][j] = plus8dir[i] ^ plus8dir[j - 8];

      sqs &= sqs - 1;

    }

    sqs = plus9dir[i];

    while (sqs) {

      j = LSB(sqs);

      directions[i][j] = 9;

      intervening[i][j] = plus9dir[i] ^ plus9dir[j - 9];

      sqs &= sqs - 1;

    }

    sqs = minus1dir[i];

    while (sqs) {

      j = LSB(sqs);

      directions[i][j] = -1;

      intervening[i][j] = minus1dir[i] ^ minus1dir[j + 1];

      sqs &= sqs - 1;

    }

    sqs = minus7dir[i];

    while (sqs) {

      j = LSB(sqs);

      directions[i][j] = -7;

      intervening[i][j] = minus7dir[i] ^ minus7dir[j + 7];

      sqs &= sqs - 1;

    }

    sqs = minus8dir[i];

    while (sqs) {

      j = LSB(sqs);

      directions[i][j] = -8;

      intervening[i][j] = minus8dir[i] ^ minus8dir[j + 8];

      sqs &= sqs - 1;

    }

    sqs = minus9dir[i];

    while (sqs) {

      j = LSB(sqs);

      directions[i][j] = -9;

      intervening[i][j] = minus9dir[i] ^ minus9dir[j + 9];

      sqs &= sqs - 1;

    }

  }

/*

  distance_ring[square][distance] has a ring of 1's around "square" with a

  distance of "distance".  IE for e4, we have a ring of adjacent squares

  [e4][1], the next ring (2 squares away) for [e4][2], etc.  In this code,

  s = square being set up, d = distance from square to "ring" and t = target

  square that is on the ring if distance is correct.

 */

  for (s = 0; s < 64; s++) {

    distance_ring[s][0] = SetMask(s);

    for (d = 1; d < 8; d++) {

      distance_ring[s][d] = 0;

      for (t = 0; t < 64; t++)

        if (Distance(s, t) == d)

          distance_ring[s][d] |= SetMask(t);

    }

  }

}

/*

 *******************************************************************************

 *                                                                             *

 *   InitializeMagic() initializes the magic number tables used in the new     *

 *   magic move generation algorithm.  We also initialize a set of parallel    *

 *   tables that contain mobility scores for each possible set of magic attack *

 *   vectors, which saves significant time in the evaluation, since it is done *

 *   here before the game actually starts.                                     *

 *                                                                             *

 *******************************************************************************

 */

void InitializeMagic(void) {

  int i, j, m;

  int initmagicmoves_bitpos64_database[64] = {

    63, 0, 58, 1, 59, 47, 53, 2,

    60, 39, 48, 27, 54, 33, 42, 3,

    61, 51, 37, 40, 49, 18, 28, 20,

    55, 30, 34, 11, 43, 14, 22, 4,

    62, 57, 46, 52, 38, 26, 32, 41,

    50, 36, 17, 19, 29, 10, 13, 21,

    56, 45, 25, 31, 35, 16, 9, 12,

    44, 24, 15, 8, 23, 7, 6, 5

  };

/*

 Bishop attacks and mobility

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    int squares[64];

    int numsquares = 0;

    uint64_t temp = magic_bishop_mask[i];

    while (temp) {

      uint64_t abit = temp & (0-temp); // Pierre-Marie Baty -- signedness fix

      squares[numsquares++] =

          initmagicmoves_bitpos64_database[(abit *

              0x07EDD5E59A4E28C2ull) >> 58];

      temp ^= abit;

    }

    for (temp = 0; temp < (uint64_t) 1 << numsquares; temp++) {

      uint64_t moves;

      uint64_t tempoccupied =

          InitializeMagicOccupied(squares, numsquares, temp);

      moves = InitializeMagicBishop(i, tempoccupied);

      *(magic_bishop_indices[i] +

          (tempoccupied * magic_bishop[i] >> magic_bishop_shift[i])) = moves;

      moves |= SetMask(i);

      m = -lower_b;

      for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)

        m += PopCnt(moves & mobility_mask_b[j]) * mobility_score_b[j];

      if (m < 0)

        m *= 2;

      *(magic_bishop_mobility_indices[i] +

          (tempoccupied * magic_bishop[i] >> magic_bishop_shift[i])) = m;

    }

  }

/*

 Rook attacks and mobility

 */

  for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {

    int squares[64];

    int numsquares = 0;

    uint64_t temp = magic_rook_mask[i];

    while (temp) {

      uint64_t abit = temp & (0-temp); // Pierre-Marie Baty -- signedness fix

      squares[numsquares++] =

          initmagicmoves_bitpos64_database[(abit *

              0x07EDD5E59A4E28C2ull) >> 58];

      temp ^= abit;

    }

    for (temp = 0; temp < (uint64_t) 1 << numsquares; temp++) {

      uint64_t tempoccupied =

          InitializeMagicOccupied(squares, numsquares, temp);

      uint64_t moves = InitializeMagicRook(i, tempoccupied);

      *(magic_rook_indices[i] +

          (tempoccupied * magic_rook[i] >> magic_rook_shift[i])) = moves;

      moves |= SetMask(i);

      m = -1;

      for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)

        m += PopCnt(moves & mobility_mask_r[j]) * mobility_score_r[j];

      *(magic_rook_mobility_indices[i] +

          (tempoccupied * magic_rook[i] >> magic_rook_shift[i])) =

          mob_curve_r[m];

    }

  }

}

/*

 *******************************************************************************

 *                                                                             *

 *   InitializeMagicBishop() does the bishop-specific initialization for a     *

 *   particular square on the board.                                           *

 *                                                                             *

 *******************************************************************************

 */

uint64_t InitializeMagicBishop(int square, uint64_t occupied) {

  uint64_t ret = 0;

  uint64_t abit;

  uint64_t abit2;

  uint64_t rowbits = (uint64_t) 0xFF << 8 * (square / 8);

  abit = (uint64_t) 1 << square;

  abit2 = abit;

  do {

    abit <<= 8 - 1;

    abit2 >>= 1;

    if (abit2 & rowbits)

      ret |= abit;

    else

      break;

  } while (abit && !(abit & occupied));

  abit = (uint64_t) 1 << square;

  abit2 = abit;

  do {

    abit <<= 8 + 1;

    abit2 <<= 1;

    if (abit2 & rowbits)

      ret |= abit;

    else

      break;

  } while (abit && !(abit & occupied));

  abit = (uint64_t) 1 << square;

  abit2 = abit;

  do {

    abit >>= 8 - 1;

    abit2 <<= 1;

    if (abit2 & rowbits)

      ret |= abit;

    else

      break;

  } while (abit && !(abit & occupied));

  abit = (uint64_t) 1 << square;

  abit2 = abit;

  do {

    abit >>= 8 + 1;

    abit2 >>= 1;

    if (abit2 & rowbits)

      ret |= abit;

    else

      break;

  } while (abit && !(abit & occupied));

  return ret;

}

/*

 *******************************************************************************

 *                                                                             *

 *   InitializeMagicOccupied() generates a specific occupied-square bitboard   *

 *   needed during initialization.                                             *

 *                                                                             *

 *******************************************************************************

 */

uint64_t InitializeMagicOccupied(int *squares, int numSquares,

    uint64_t linoccupied) {

  int i;

  uint64_t ret = 0;

  for (i = 0; i < numSquares; i++)

    if (linoccupied & (uint64_t) 1 << i)

      ret |= (uint64_t) 1 << squares[i];

  return ret;

}

/*

 *******************************************************************************

 *                                                                             *

 *   InitializeMagicRook() does the rook-specific initialization for a         *

 *   particular square on the board.                                           *

 *                                                                             *

 *******************************************************************************

 */

uint64_t InitializeMagicRook(int square, uint64_t occupied) {

  uint64_t ret = 0;

  uint64_t abit;

  uint64_t rowbits = (uint64_t) 0xFF << 8 * (square / 8);

  abit = (uint64_t) 1 << square;

  do {

    abit <<= 8;

    ret |= abit;

  } while (abit && !(abit & occupied));

  abit = (uint64_t) 1 << square;

  do {

    abit >>= 8;

    ret |= abit;

  } while (abit && !(abit & occupied));

  abit = (uint64_t) 1 << square;

  do {

    abit <<= 1;

    if (abit & rowbits)

      ret |= abit;

    else

      break;

  } while (!(abit & occupied));

  abit = (uint64_t) 1 << square;

  do {

    abit >>= 1;

    if (abit & rowbits)

      ret |= abit;

    else

      break;

  } while (!(abit & occupied));

  return ret;

}

/*

 *******************************************************************************

 *                                                                             *

 *   InitializeChessBoard() initializes the chess board to the normal starting *

 *   position.  It then calls SetChessBitboards() to correctly set the usual   *

 *   occupied-square bitboards to correspond to the starting position.         *

 *                                                                             *

 *******************************************************************************

 */

void InitializeChessBoard(TREE * tree) {

  int i;

  if (strlen(initial_position)) {

    int nargs;

    nargs = ReadParse(initial_position, args, " \t;");

    SetBoard(tree, nargs, args, 1);

  } else {

    for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)

      PcOnSq(i) = empty;

    game_wtm = 1;

/*

 place pawns

 */

    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {

      PcOnSq(i + 8) = pawn;

      PcOnSq(i + 48) = -pawn;

    }

/*

 place knights

 */

    PcOnSq(B1) = knight;

    PcOnSq(G1) = knight;

    PcOnSq(B8) = -knight;

    PcOnSq(G8) = -knight;

/*

 place bishops

 */

    PcOnSq(C1) = bishop;

    PcOnSq(F1) = bishop;

    PcOnSq(C8) = -bishop;

    PcOnSq(F8) = -bishop;

/*

 place rooks

 */

    PcOnSq(A1) = rook;

    PcOnSq(H1) = rook;

    PcOnSq(A8) = -rook;

    PcOnSq(H8) = -rook;

/*

 place queens

 */

    PcOnSq(D1) = queen;

    PcOnSq(D8) = -queen;

/*

 place kings

 */

    PcOnSq(E1) = king;

    PcOnSq(E8) = -king;

/*

 initialize castling status so all castling is legal.

 */

    Castle(0, black) = 3;

    Castle(0, white) = 3;

/*

 initialize enpassant status.

 */

    EnPassant(0) = 0;

/*

 now, set the bit-boards.

 */

    SetChessBitBoards(tree);

  }

/*

 initialize 50 move counter and repetition list/index.

 */

  Reversible(0) = 0;

  rep_index = 0;

  tree->rep_list[0] = HashKey;

}

/*

 *******************************************************************************

 *                                                                             *

 *   SetChessBitBoards() is used to set the occupied-square bitboards so that  *

 *   they agree with the current real chessboard.                              *

 *                                                                             *

 *******************************************************************************

 */

void SetChessBitBoards(TREE * tree) {

  int side, piece, square;

  HashKey = 0;

  PawnHashKey = 0;

  Material = 0;

  for (side = black; side <= white; side++)

    for (piece = empty; piece <= king; piece++)